NF S31-119-2-2000 声学.道路表面音质的现场表征法.旁路声学测量.第2部分:受控的旁路法
时间:2024-05-15 02:26:36 来源: 标准资料网 作者：标准资料网 阅读：9371
【英文标准名称】:Acoustics-Insitucharacterizationoftheacousticqualitiesofroadsurfaces-Passbyacousticmeasurement-Part2:controlledpass-bymethod.
【原文标准名称】:声学.道路表面音质的现场表征法.旁路声学测量.第2部分:受控的旁路法
【标准号】:NFS31-119-2-2000
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:2000-12-01
【实施或试行日期】:2000-12-20
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(FR-AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Acousticmeasurement;Acoustictesting;Acoustics;Carriageways;Classification;Fieldtesting;Internalcoatings;Pneumatictyres;Quality;Roadvehicles
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:Z32
【国际标准分类号】:17_140_30;93_080_20
【页数】:19P.;A4
【正文语种】:其他
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforMeasuringLife-CycleCostsofBuildingsandBuildingSystems
【原文标准名称】:建筑物和建筑物系统使用期成本测算的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTME917-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2005
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E06.81
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:建筑物;建筑;建设工程;成本;测量
【英文主题词】:buildingeconomics;buildingsystems;costanalysis;engineering-economics;life-cyclecosts;present-valueanalysis
【摘要】:LCCanalysisisaneconomicmethodforevaluatingaprojectorprojectalternativesoveradesignatedstudyperiod.ThemethodentailscomputingtheLCCforalternativebuildingdesignsorsystemspecificationshavingthesamepurposeandthencomparingthemtodeterminewhichhasthelowestLCCoverthestudyperiod.TheLCCmethodisparticularlysuitablefordeterminingwhetherthehigherinitialcostofabuildingorbuildingsystemiseconomicallyjustifiedbyreductionsinfuturecosts(forexample,operating,maintenance,repair,orreplacementcosts)whencomparedwithanalternativethathasalowerinitialcostbuthigherfuturecosts.Ifabuildingdesignorsystemspecificationhasbothalowerinitialcostandlowerfuturecostsrelativetoanalternative,anLCCanalysisisnotneededtoshowthattheformeristheeconomicallypreferablechoice.Ifaninvestmentprojectisnotessentialtothebuildingoperation(forexample,replacementofexistingsingle-panewindowswithnewdouble-panewindows),theprojectmustbecomparedagainstthex201C;donothingx201D;alternative(thatis,keepingthesinglepanewindows)inordertodetermineifitiscosteffective.Typicallythex201C;donothingx201D;alternativeentailsnoinitialinvestmentcostbuthashigherfuturecoststhantheproposedproject.1.1Thispracticeestablishesaprocedureforevaluatingthelife-cyclecost(LCC)ofabuildingorbuildingsystemandcomparingtheLCCsofalternativebuildingdesignsorsystemsthatsatisfythesamefunctionalrequirements.1.2TheLCCmethodmeasures,inpresent-valueorannual-valueterms,thesumofallrelevantcostsassociatedwithowningandoperatingabuildingorbuildingsystemoveraspecifiedtimeperiod.1.3ThebasicpremiseoftheLCCmethodisthattoaninvestorordecisionmakerallcostsarisingfromaninvestmentdecisionarepotentiallyimportanttothatdecision,includingfutureaswellaspresentcosts.Appliedtobuildingsorbuildingsystems,theLCCencompassesallrelevantcostsoveradesignatedstudyperiod,includingthecostsofdesigning,purchasing/leasing,constructing/installing,operating,maintaining,repairing,replacing,anddisposingofaparticularbuildingdesignorsystem.
【中国标准分类号】:P02
【国际标准分类号】:91_010_20
【页数】:19P.;A4
【正文语种】:
【英文标准名称】:Aluminum-AlloyDieCastings
【原文标准名称】:铝合金压模铸件
【标准号】:ASTMB85-1996
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1996
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:ASTM
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:铝;有色金属;压模铸造;铸件;合金;铝合金;规范(验收)
【英文主题词】:castings;diecasting;non-ferrousmetals;specification(approval);alloys;aluminium;aluminiumalloys
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:H61
【国际标准分类号】:77_140_90;77_120_10
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语